State Education System of Uttar Pradesh · UPPCS (Uttar Pradesh)

What the official syllabus says

Main Examination, General Studies V:
State Education System of UP.

Education is in the Concurrent List (since the 42nd Amendment, 1976); Article 21A and the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009
Departments for basic, secondary, higher, technical and vocational education
UP Basic Education Act, 1972 and the Basic Shiksha Parishad, which runs government primary and upper primary schools
District-level administration: Basic Shiksha Adhikari, District Inspector of Schools; teacher training through the District Institutes of Education and Training and the State Council of Educational Research and Training
Literacy: about 67.7 per cent in Census 2011, with a wide gap between men and women

Board of High School and Intermediate Education, UP (set up in 1921 at Allahabad): one of the largest school examination boards in the world
Other boards and systems: CBSE and CISCE schools, the UP Board of Madarsa Education (whose 2004 Act the Supreme Court upheld in 2024), the Sanskrit education board
Schemes: Samagra Shiksha, PM POSHAN (mid-day meal), NIPUN Bharat (foundational literacy and numeracy), PM SHRI schools, Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalayas
Operation Kayakalp: basic facilities in government schools (toilets, drinking water, classrooms)
Learning surveys and outcomes: the National Achievement Survey and its successor, PARAKH
Issues: teacher vacancies and recruitment litigation, pupil-teacher ratio, dropouts at the secondary stage, learning levels, private tuition, gender and social gaps

Old universities: University of Allahabad (1887), Lucknow University (1920); central universities: Banaras Hindu University (1916), Aligarh Muslim University (1920)
State universities under the UP State Universities Act, 1973; the Governor as Chancellor
Private universities and their regulation; affiliated degree colleges and the problems of affiliation
Institutes of national importance in UP: IIT Kanpur, IIT (BHU) Varanasi, IIM Lucknow, IIIT Allahabad, MNNIT Allahabad
Agricultural universities at Kanpur, Ayodhya (Kumarganj), Meerut and Banda
Issues: gross enrolment ratio, faculty vacancies, quality and accreditation (NAAC, NIRF), research output, examination delays

New school structure (5+3+3+4), mother tongue in early years, vocational exposure from middle school
Four-year undergraduate programmes, multiple entry and exit, Academic Bank of Credits
Digital learning platforms, smart classes, teacher training

Girls' education: residential schools, scholarships, safe transport, toilets
Children of SC, ST, OBC and minority families: pre-matric and post-matric scholarships
Children with special needs: inclusive education, resource teachers
The 25 per cent quota for disadvantaged children in private unaided schools under Section 12(1)(c) of the Right to Education Act
Out-of-school children, child labour and seasonal migration

Eligibility through teacher eligibility tests and recruitment examinations
The shiksha mitra question: their regularisation as assistant teachers was set aside by the Supreme Court in 2017
Teacher training, in-service programmes, digital platforms such as DIKSHA
Teacher absenteeism, non-teaching duties and transfers

Stage	Classes	Main bodies in UP
Primary	1 to 5	Basic Shiksha Parishad
Upper primary	6 to 8	Basic Shiksha Parishad
Secondary	9 and 10	UP Board; CBSE and CISCE schools
Higher secondary	11 and 12	UP Board; CBSE and CISCE schools

Social sector services relating to education and human resources: General Studies II.
Human resources and skill development in UP: General Studies VI.
The role of educational institutions in instilling values: General Studies IV.