Social Sector: Health, Education and Human Resources · UPPCS (Uttar Pradesh)

What the official syllabus says

Main Examination, General Studies II:

Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources.

Constitutional basis: right to health read into Article 21; Article 47; public health as a State List subject
National Health Policy, 2017: public health spending target of 2.5% of GDP, focus on primary care
National Health Mission (rural mission 2005, urban mission 2013): ASHAs, health infrastructure, maternal and child health
Ayushman Bharat (2018): Ayushman Arogya Mandirs (health and wellness centres) and Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (health cover of Rs 5 lakh per family per year)
Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission; PM Ayushman Bharat Health Infrastructure Mission
Regulation: National Medical Commission Act, 2019; Clinical Establishments Act, 2010; Mental Healthcare Act, 2017
Issues: high out-of-pocket spending, shortage of doctors and specialists in rural areas, non-communicable diseases, tuberculosis, malnutrition, antimicrobial resistance

Constitutional basis: Article 21A (86th Amendment), Article 45, Article 46; education moved to the Concurrent List by the 42nd Amendment
Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009: neighbourhood schools, 25% seats for weaker sections in private schools, norms for teachers
National Education Policy, 2020: 5+3+3+4 school structure, foundational literacy and numeracy, teaching in the mother tongue where possible, multiple entry and exit in higher education, Academic Bank of Credits, public spending target of 6% of GDP
Programmes: Samagra Shiksha, PM POSHAN (mid-day meal), NIPUN Bharat, PM SHRI schools
Higher education: UGC, AICTE, NAAC accreditation, NIRF rankings; research funding
Issues: learning outcomes, dropouts, teacher vacancies and training, digital divide, quality of higher education

Demographic dividend: working-age population and the need for jobs and skills
Skill India Mission (2015), Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana, National Skill Development Corporation, apprenticeship schemes
Labour force participation, especially of women; data from the Periodic Labour Force Survey
Human Development Index (UNDP): India's position and the gaps in health, education and income
Migration and brain drain; the four labour codes

Centre-state roles in funding and delivery; role of local bodies
Public-private partnership in health and education; regulation of private providers
Measuring outcomes: national surveys such as the National Family Health Survey and the National Achievement Survey

General Studies V: medical and health issues and the state education system of Uttar Pradesh.
General Studies VI: human resources and skill development in Uttar Pradesh.