The Supreme Court at Fort William in Calcutta was established by which Act?

• The Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William, Calcutta was founded in 1774 by the Regulating Act of 1773.
• It replaced the Mayor's Court of Calcutta and was British India's highest court from 1774 until 1862 when the High Court of Calcutta was established by the Indian High Courts Act 1861.
• Hence option A is correct.

Additional Information

• The India Act of 1784, also known as the Pitt's India Act, introduced a dual system of governance for British India, dividing powers between the British government and the East India Company. The British Crown, through the Board of Control, gained significant oversight over the Company's political and military affairs, while the Company retained control over its commercial operations.
• The charter act of 1793 extended the Company's charter for another 20 years and made several important changes to its governance and administration. This Act was part of a series of legislative measures aimed at regulating and controlling British India more effectively.
• The Charter Act of 1813, also known as the East India Company Act 1813, renewed the charter of the British East India Company for another 20 years. One of the most critical aspects of the Act was the termination of the East India Company's monopoly over trade in India, except for trade in tea and trade with China.