With reference to Directive Principles of State Policy consider the following statements: 1. The Directive Principles of State Policy of Indian Constitution have been clearly divided into three parts i.e. Socialist, Gandhian and Liberal. 2. Directive principles of State Policy related to co-operative society (under Article 43) of Indian Constitution is taken from Nehru's objective resolution of 1946. Which of the statements given above is/are incorrect?

• The Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) are enshrined in Articles 36 to 51 of Part IV of the Indian Constitution.
• These concepts aim to create a welfare state in India and ensure social and economic justice for all citizens.
• Inspired by the Spanish and Irish constitutions, they have been added to address problems such as pervasive poverty, hunger, and deep-seated socioeconomic inequalities.
• Despite not being justiciable or enforceable in courts, these directives have been the instruments of instruction and key to the policy implementations by the governments of India since independence.
• Classification of DPSP: The Indian Constitution does not specifically classify the DPSP. However, for ease of understanding, they can be divided into three categories: socialist principles, Gandhian principles and liberal-intellectual principles. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
• DPSPs resemble the “Instrument of Instructions” enumerated in the Government of India Act of 1935.

Key Provisions of Article 43B

• A new DPSP under Article 43B was added by the 97th Amendment Act of 2011 relating to cooperative societies.
• It requires the state to promote voluntary formation, autonomous functioning, democratic control and professional management of cooperative societies.
• This is in line with Gandhi and principles which advocate for self reliance,rural development and decentralised economic activity.
• Hence statement 2 is incorrect as it is nowhere related to Nehru's objective resolution of 1946.