Consider the following statements: 1. A parents or guardian to provide opportunities for education to his child or, as the case may be, ward between the age of six to fourteen years. 2. To provide early childhood care and education for all children until they complete the age of six years. 3. To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life and to have compassion for living creatures. 4. To safeguard public property and to abjure violence. 5. To provide primary healthcare to the persons below poverty line. Which of the statements above is/are related to fundamental duties?

• The Fundamental Duties of Indian Constitution refer to a set of duties prescribed for the citizens of that nation. They act as a reminder to the citizens that in addition to the enjoyment of rights, they
• also have to perform certain duties towards the nation they live in.

List of Fundamental Duties in India

• Article 51A in Part IV-A provides eleven Fundamental Duties of Indian Constitution. These fundamental duties are mentioned below:
• To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem,
• To cherish and follow the noble ideals that inspired the national struggle for freedom,
• To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India,
• To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so,
• To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic, and regional or sectional diversities and to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women,
• To value and preserve the rich heritage of the country’s composite culture,
• To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers, and wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures, Hence, statement 3 is correct.
• To develop a scientific temper, humanism, and the spirit of inquiry and reform,
• To safeguard public property and to abjure violence. Hence, statement 4 is correct.
• To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavor and achievement, and
• To provide opportunities for education to his child or ward between the age of six and fourteen years (added by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act of 2002). Hence, statement 1 is correct.

Additional Information

• Article 45: The State shall endeavor to provide early childhood care and education for all children until they complete the age of six years. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.
• The 86th Constitutional Amendment (2002) inserted Article 21A in the Indian Constitution which states:
• “The State shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of 6 to 14 years in such manner as the State, may by law determine.”
• As per this, the right to education was made a fundamental right and removed from the list of Directive Principles of State Policy.
• The right to health is a fundamental right guaranteed to every citizen of India under Article 21 of the Constitution which guarantees the right to life and personal liberty, and the right to health is considered an inherent part of a life with dignity.
• Article 47 of the Constitution, which is a Directive Principle of State Policy, also obligates the state to provide primary health facilities and improve public health. Hence, statement 5 is incorrect.