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HCS (Haryana)Prelims2019General Studies
Question
Which of the following monuments in India is not a World Heritage Site?
Options
- A Fatehpur Sikri
- B Ajanta and Ellora
- C Khajuraho
- D Jantar Mantar in Delhi
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Correct Answer
D Jantar Mantar in Delhi
Model Answer
Jantar mantar in Delhi
- The monument is located in New Delhi and the meaning of the word 'Jantar Mantar' means an instrument for measuring the harmony of the heavens.
- It was built by Maharaja Jai Singh II of Jaipur in 1724 and its height is 723m.
- It is not a world Heritage Site.
- The Jantar Mantar is an instrument that can measure the time of day quite precisely and the declination of the Sun and other heavenly bodies.
- Originally there were 5 Jantar Mantar (Delhi, Ujjain, Mathura, Varanasi, and Jaipur), but only four exist today. The Jantar Mantar of Mathura was torn down just before the Revolt of 1857.
- The largest of all Jantar Mantar is the one situated in Jaipur and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Additional Information
Fatehpur Sikri
- This town is situated in the Agra district of Uttar Pradesh and it literally means 'City of Victory'.
- It was founded in 1571 by the Mughal emperor Akbar and it served as the capital from 1571 to 1585.
- Akbar's son Jahangir was born in the village Sikri in 1569 and on his second birthday, Akbar started the construction of a walled city and a palace there.
- It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Ajanta and Ellora
- Ajanta Caves are located in the Aurangabad district of Maharashtra and are rock-cut Buddhist cave monuments.
- The caves include various Buddhist monasteries and worship halls. The Buddhist religious art of the caves is universally regarded as masterpieces.
- The caves are protected by the Archaeological Survey of India and are a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
- Ellora caves are also situated in the Aurangabad district of Maharashtra and Ajanta caves form a major tourist attraction spot.
- Ellora caves constitute Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain monuments. They are also a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Khajuraho
- The Khajuraho monuments constitute Hindu and Jain monuments and were built during the Chandela dynasty.
- They are located in the Chhatarpur district of Madhya Pradesh.
- Major construction of Hindu temples was done during the period of kings Yashovarman and Dhanga.
- They are also a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
UNESCO World Heritage Sites in India
- As of 2025, India has a total of 44 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, comprising 36 cultural sites, 7 natural sites, and 1 mixed site (Khangchendzonga National Park).
- Latest Addition (July 2025): Maratha Military Landscapes of India: It is a network of 12 strategic forts across Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu
- Assam: Kaziranga National Park, Manas Wildlife Sanctuary, Moidams – the Mound-Burial System of the Ahom Dynasty
- Bihar: Mahabodhi Temple Complex at Bodh Gaya, Archaeological Site of Nalanda Mahavihara
- Chandigarh: The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier (Capitol Complex)
- Delhi: Humayun’s Tomb, Qutb Minar and its Monuments, Red Fort Complex
- Goa: Churches and Convents of Goa
- Gujarat: Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park, Rani-ki-Vav (the Queen’s Stepwell), Historic City of Ahmadabad, Dholavira: a Harappan City
- Himachal Pradesh: Great Himalayan National Park Conservation Area, Kalka–Shimla Railway (part of Mountain Railways)
- Karnataka: Group of Monuments at Hampi, Group of Monuments at Pattadakal, Sacred Ensembles of the Hoysalas, Western Ghats (shared)
- Kerala: Western Ghats (shared)
- Madhya Pradesh: Khajuraho Group of Monuments, Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi, Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka
- Maharashtra: Ajanta Caves, Ellora Caves, Elephanta Caves, Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus, Victorian Gothic and Art Deco Ensembles of Mumbai, Maratha Military Landscapes of India (shared), Western Ghats (shared)
- Odisha: Sun Temple, Konârak
- Rajasthan: Keoladeo National Park, Jantar Mantar (Jaipur), Hill Forts of Rajasthan, Jaipur City
- Sikkim: Khangchendzonga National Park (Mixed Site)
- Tamil Nadu: Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram, Great Living Chola Temples, Nilgiri Mountain Railway (part of Mountain Railways), Maratha Military Landscapes of India (Gingee Fort), Western Ghats (shared)
- Telangana: Kakatiya Rudreshwara (Ramappa) Temple
- Uttar Pradesh: Agra Fort, Taj Mahal, Fatehpur Sikri
- Uttarakhand: Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks
- West Bengal: Sundarbans National Park, Darjeeling Himalayan Railway (part of Mountain Railways), Santiniketan
- Note on Shared Sites: The Western Ghats is a serial property spanning Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and Kerala. The Mountain Railways of India includes three railways located in West Bengal, Tamil Nadu, and Himachal Pradesh. The Maratha Military Landscapes includes 12 forts: 11 in Maharashtra and 1 in Tamil Nadu.