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HCS (Haryana)Prelims2023General Studies
Question
Arrange the following elements in the decreasing order of their availability (in terms of percentage by weight) in the Earth's crust. 1. Silicon 2. Iron 3. Oxygen 4. Sodium Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Options
- A 2 > 1 > 3 > 4
- B 3 > 1 > 2 > 4
- C 1 > 4 > 2 > 3
- D 4 > 1 > 3 > 2
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Correct Answer
B 3 > 1 > 2 > 4
Model Answer
- The elements in the Earth's crust are distributed in varying abundances. The following is a list of the major elements found in the Earth's crust, arranged in decreasing order of their abundance:
- Oxygen (O) - 46.6%
- Silicon (Si) - 27.7%
- Aluminum (Al) - 8.1%
- Iron (Fe) - 5.0%
- Calcium (Ca) - 3.6%
- Sodium (Na) - 2.8%
- Potassium (K) - 2.6%
- Magnesium (Mg) - 2.1%
- Titanium (Ti) - 0.4%
- Hydrogen (H) - 0.14%
- Phosphorus (P) - 0.12%
- Manganese (Mn) - 0.10%
- These elements make up more than 99% of the Earth's crust. The remaining 1% consists of trace elements, including carbon, sulfur, chlorine, and others.
Additinal information
- Oxygen and Silicon together constitute about 74% of the Earth's crust, forming silicate minerals, which are the most abundant mineral group.
- Iron and Aluminum are critical in forming many common rocks and minerals.
- Calcium, Sodium, Potassium, and Magnesium are essential in various geological processes, including the formation of feldspar, one of the most common minerals in the Earth's crust.