Given below are two statements : Statement I : For mixing concentrated nitric acid and water, water must always be added slowly to concentrated acid. Statement II : For dilution, solvent is required to be added to the concentrated solution. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Dilution of concentrated acids

• The process of dissolving an acid or a base in water is a highly exothermic process.
• The correct practice is to add the concentrated acid slowly to water with constant stirring, and never to add water to the concentrated acid. If water is added to the acid, the heat generated may cause the mixture to splash out and the container may even break, causing serious burns. Hence, statement I is false.
• Dilution means decreasing the concentration of a solution by adding more of the solvent, which increases the volume without changing the amount of solute. Hence, statement II is true.
• On dilution of an acid, the concentration of hydronium ions per unit volume decreases and the pH increases towards 7.