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HCS (Haryana)Prelims2021General Studies
Question
With reference to Medieval Indian History, what does 'Pietra Dura' refer to?
Options
- A It was a type of textile design prevalent in Deccan.
- B Coloured hard stones placed in depressions carved into marble or sandstone creating beautiful, ornate patterns.
- C A variety of musical instrument played during Mughal wedding rituals.
- D A kind of coloured photograph brought from Iran to the Mughal court.
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Correct Answer
B Coloured hard stones placed in depressions carved into marble or sandstone creating beautiful, ornate patterns.
Model Answer
- Pietra dura is a floral design made up of semiprecious stone.
- One of the most significant, captivating, and impressive characteristics of Mughal Art and Architecture in India is the Art of Pietra Dura.
- This involves and inlay work of delicately cut, fitted, and highly polished semiprecious stones like Lapislazuli, Agate, Jasper, Jade, etc.
- It is the technique of inlaying semi-precious stones such as jade, onyx, turquoise, mother of pearl, etc. in marble or sandstone creating beautiful, ornate patterns.
- Pietra Dura is an ancient art form that blossomed in Italy and eventually spread across Europe, Russia, Afghanistan, India, and Pakistan.
Additional Information
- The tomb of Itimad- ud -Daulah is often regarded as a draft of the Taj Mahal.
- It was built by the Mughal queen Noor Jahan, wife of Emperor Jehangir.
- It is known for the first use of the pietra dura.
- Jahangir's reign is known for the adoption of the pietra dura work.
- Shah Jahan used Pietra dura in the construction of the Taj Mahal as well.