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HCS (Haryana)Prelims2021General Studies
Question
Match the following and choose the appropriate answer: 2020 Nobel Prize winner A. Robert B. Wilson B. Roger Penrose C. Jennifer Doudna D. Louise Gluck Field 1. Literature 2. Physics 3. Chemistry 4. Economic Science
Options
- A A - 4; B - 2; C - 3 & D - 1
- B A - 4; B - 1; C - 2 & D - 3
- C A - 3; B - 4; C - 1 & D - 2
- D A - 1; B - 2; C - 4 & D - 3
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Correct Answer
A A - 4; B - 2; C - 3 & D - 1
Model Answer
| Fields | Nobel Laureates 2020 | Contributions by the Nobel Laureates |
|---|---|---|
| Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology | Harvey J. Alter, Michael Houghton and Charles M. Rice | Discovery of the Hepatitis C virus |
| Nobel Prize in Physics | Roger Penrose | For the discovery of the black hole formation which is a robust prediction of the general theory of relativity |
| Reinhard Genzel and Andrea Ghez | For discovering supermassive compact object at the centre of our galaxy | |
| Nobel Prize in Chemistry | Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer A. Doudna | On discovering the method for genome editing and development of CRISPR-Cas9 |
| Nobel Prize in Literature | Louise Gluck | For her unmistakable poetic voice that with austere beauty makes individual existence universal |
| Nobel Peace Prize | World Food Programme (WFP) | For its efforts to combat the surge in Global hunger amidst coronavirus pandemic, for its contribution to bettering conditions for peace in conflict-affected areas and for acting as a driving force in efforts to prevent the use of hunger as a weapon of war and conflict. |
| Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences | Paul R. Milgrom, Robert B. Wilson | For improvements to auction theory and inventions of new auction formats. |
Additional information: 2025 Nobel Prize Winners
- Physiology or Medicine: Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi received the award for discovering regulatory T cells (Tregs) and their role in preventing the immune system from attacking the body's tissues.
- Physics: John Clarke, Michel H. Devoret, and John M. Martinis were honored for demonstrating macroscopic quantum mechanical tunnelling, a key step for quantum computing.
- Chemistry: The prize went to Susumu Kitagawa, Richard Robson, and Omar M. Yaghi for developing metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), porous materials with various applications including carbon capture and hydrogen storage.
- Literature: Hungarian author László Krasznahorkai was recognized for his body of work exploring existential themes and societal collapse.
- Peace: Venezuelan opposition leader Maria Corina Machado received the award for her advocacy of democratic rights and efforts towards a peaceful transition in Venezuela.
- Economic Sciences: Joel Mokyr, Philippe Aghion, and Peter Howitt were awarded for explaining innovation-driven economic growth, including the concept of "creative destruction".