Match the names of the four Buddhist Councils given in Column I with the places they were held as given in Column II and provide the correct answer from the options given below: Column I A. First Council B. Second Council C. Third Council D. Fourth Council Column II 1. Vaishali 2. Rajgir 3. Kundalban 4. Pataliputra

First Buddhist Council

• It was a gathering of senior Buddhist monks after the demise of Gautama Buddha.
• It was conducted under the patronage of King Ajatasatru of the Haryanka dynasty in 483 BC at Sattapani caves (Sattaparnaguha) in Rajagriha.
• Mahakassapa(Buddha's disciple) was the Buddhist monk who presided over the first council.
• The primary objective of the council was to preserve the teaching of Lord Buddha.
• Sutta Pitaka (Buddha’s Teachings) was composed by Ananda (Buddha's disciple) and Vinaypitaka (monastic code) was composed by Mahakassapa.

Second Buddhist Coucil

• This Buddhist council was held at Vaishali in 383 BC approx. after hundred years of Buddha's demise.
• It was conducted under the patronage of King Kalasoka of the Sisunaga dynasty and was presided over by Sabakami.
• The primary objective of this council was to discuss ten disputed points under the Vinaypitaka composed in the first Buddhist council.
• The splitting into the Theravada and Mahayana group happened in this council.

Third Buddhist Council

• This was held in 250 BC at Pataliputra under the patronage of Emperor Ashoka of the Mauryan dynasty.
• The third council was presided over by Mogaliputta Tissa.
• The Abhidhamma Pitaka was composed in the third Buddhist council and the group of these three pitakas was collectively known as 'Tripitaka'.
• The primary objective of this council was to remove corruption from the Sanghas.

Fourth Buddhist Council

• The fourth Buddhist council was held in the 1st century AD at Kundalvana in Kashmir under the patronage of King Kanishka of the Kushan dynasty.
• Vasumitra and Ashvaghosha presided over the fourth Buddhist council.
• All proceedings were held in the Sanskrit language and also Abhidhamma texts were translated from Prakrit to Sanskrit.
• The division of Buddhism into Mahayana and Hinayana sects occurred in this council.